MSR
CBSE Class 12 Physics Analysis 2025
2025 BOARD

CBSE Class 12 Physics Complete Analysis 2025

Chapter-wise breakdown of Numericals vs Conceptuals vs Derivations based on 2017-2025 Board Papers

MSR ANALYSIS

PART 1: ELECTROSTATICS & CURRENT ELECTRICITY

MSR ANALYSIS
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
1
Numericals 35%
  • Coulomb's Law (2 charges)
  • Electric Field due to point charge/dipole
  • Electric flux calculations
Conceptuals 50%
  • Properties of charges
  • Field lines patterns
  • Gauss's law applications
  • Dipole in uniform field
Derivations 15%
  • Electric field due to dipole (axial/equatorial)
  • Gauss's law for symmetric distributions
Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential & Capacitance
2
Numericals 70%
  • Potential due to point charges
  • Capacitor combinations
  • Energy stored in capacitors
  • Dielectric problems
Conceptuals 20%
  • Equipotential surfaces
  • Capacitor working principle
  • Polar vs non-polar dielectrics
Derivations 10%
  • Energy stored in capacitor
  • Parallel plate capacitor with dielectric
Chapter 3: Current Electricity
3
Numericals 80%
  • Ohm's law applications
  • Kirchhoff's laws
  • Wheatstone bridge
  • Meter bridge & Potentiometer
Conceptuals 15%
  • Drift velocity
  • Temperature dependence of resistance
  • Superconductors
Derivations 5%
  • Drift velocity expression
  • Wheatstone bridge balance condition
2025 Trends for Part 1

Ch 1: Increased MCQs on field line patterns and Gauss's law applications to non-symmetric cases

Ch 2: Case studies on capacitor networks and practical applications of dielectrics

Ch 3: Competency-based questions on real-life circuit applications and error analysis

🧲

PART 2: MAGNETISM & ELECTROMAGNETISM

MSR ANALYSIS
Chapter 4: Moving Charges & Magnetism
4
Numericals 65%
  • Magnetic field due to straight wire
  • Field due to circular loop & solenoid
  • Force on moving charge/current
Conceptuals 25%
  • Cyclotron working
  • Ampere's circuital law
  • Lorentz force applications
Derivations 10%
  • Magnetic field due to straight conductor
  • Force between parallel currents
Chapter 5: Magnetism & Matter
5
Numericals 10%
  • Simple magnetic moment calculations
  • Curie's law applications
Conceptuals 85%
  • Magnetization concepts
  • BH curve interpretation
  • Dia/Para/Ferromagnetism
  • Earth's magnetism
Derivations 5%
  • Torque on magnetic dipole
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction
6
Numericals 55%
  • Motional EMF calculations
  • Self & Mutual inductance
  • AC generator principles
Conceptuals 35%
  • Lenz's law applications
  • Eddy currents
  • Transformer working
Derivations 10%
  • EMF induced in rotating coil
  • Self-inductance of solenoid
2025 Trends for Part 2

Ch 4: Focus on vector nature of magnetic field and comparison problems

Ch 5: Diagram-based questions on BH curve and magnetic materials classification

Ch 6: Application-based problems on energy conservation using Lenz's law

🌊

PART 3: OPTICS & WAVES

MSR ANALYSIS
Chapter 7: Alternating Current
7
Numericals 75%
  • RLC circuit analysis
  • Power calculations
  • RMS values
  • Transformer ratios
Conceptuals 20%
  • Phasor diagrams
  • Power factor
  • Quality factor
Derivations 5%
  • RMS value derivation
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves
8
Numericals 0%
  • No numerical problems
Conceptuals 95%
  • EM spectrum & properties
  • Displacement current concept
  • Maxwell's equations
  • Wave propagation
Derivations 5%
  • Displacement current concept
Chapter 9: Ray Optics
9
Numericals 60%
  • Lens & mirror formulas
  • Prism deviation
  • Microscope/Telescope calculations
Conceptuals 30%
  • Total internal reflection
  • Optical instruments working
  • Atmospheric refraction
Derivations 10%
  • Lens maker's formula
  • Refraction through prism
Chapter 10: Wave Optics
10
Numericals 40%
  • Fringe width calculations
  • Resolving power
  • Polarization by reflection
Conceptuals 50%
  • Interference conditions
  • Diffraction pattern differences
  • Polarization phenomena
Derivations 10%
  • Young's double slit fringe width
  • Brewster's law
2025 Trends for Part 3

Ch 7: Graph interpretation of voltage-current phase relationships

Ch 8: Match the following type questions on EM spectrum applications

Ch 9: Numerical-based MCQs with diagram interpretation

Ch 10: Comparison tables between interference and diffraction patterns

🔬

PART 4: MODERN PHYSICS

MSR ANALYSIS
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter
11
Numericals 40%
  • Photoelectric equation
  • de Broglie wavelength (3 forms)
Conceptuals 55%
  • Photoelectric effect graphs
  • Davisson-Germer experiment
  • Particle-wave duality
Derivations 5%
  • Einstein's photoelectric equation
  • de Broglie relation
Chapter 12: Atoms
12
Numericals 30%
  • Energy levels calculations
  • Spectral lines
  • Radius of orbits
Conceptuals 60%
  • Bohr's postulates
  • Rutherford model defects
  • Spectral series
Derivations 10%
  • Bohr's radius
  • Energy expression
Chapter 13: Nuclei
13
Numericals 60%
  • Binding energy & mass defect
  • Decay laws & half-life
  • Q-value calculations
Conceptuals 35%
  • Nuclear forces
  • Radioactivity concepts
  • Fission vs Fusion
Derivations 5%
  • Radioactive decay law
Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics
14
Numericals 25%
  • Simple diode circuit analysis
  • Transistor current gains
Conceptuals 70%
  • Energy bands
  • Diode characteristics
  • Transistor configurations
  • Logic gates
Derivations 5%
  • Barrier potential in PN junction
2025 Trends for Part 4

Ch 11: Graph analysis questions from experimental data

Ch 12: Assertion-Reason questions on atomic models

Ch 13: Application problems on nuclear energy and medical applications

Ch 14: Truth table completion and circuit design problems

📊

SUMMARY STATISTICS & KEY INSIGHTS

MSR ANALYSIS
Overall Numerical Weightage
48%

of total marks

Overall Conceptual Weightage
45%

of total marks

Overall Derivation Weightage
7%

of total marks

Rank Most Numerical Chapters Percentage Most Conceptual Chapters Percentage
1 Ch 3: Current Electricity 80% Ch 8: EM Waves 95%
2 Ch 7: Alternating Current 75% Ch 5: Magnetism & Matter 85%
3 Ch 2: Electrostatic Potential 70% Ch 14: Semiconductors 70%
4 Ch 4: Moving Charges 65% Ch 12: Atoms 60%
5 Ch 13: Nuclei 60% Ch 1: Electric Charges 50%
🚨 CRITICAL WARNING FOR 2025

1. NCERT is KING: 85% of paper comes directly from NCERT

2. Competency Questions: 40% of paper will be application-based

3. Diagram Marks: Minimum 8-10 marks for diagrams

4. Unit Consistency: 1 mark deducted for wrong units in numericals

5. Step-wise Solutions: Partial marks given for correct steps

🔥 2025 SPECIFIC TRENDS (Latest Sample Papers)

Competency Focus Areas: Real-life circuit analysis (Ch 3 & 7), Logic circuit design (Ch 14), Nuclear applications (Ch 13)

Increased Weightage: Applications of Gauss's Law, Capacitor networks, Transformer efficiency

Reduced Focus: Lengthy derivations without applications, Historical experiments in detail

🎯

PREPARATION STRATEGY 2025

MSR ANALYSIS
Phase Duration Focus Areas Key Activities
Phase 1 60 days Foundation Building • Complete conceptual chapters first (Ch 5, 8, 12, 14)
• Master derivations from Ch 1, 10, 12
• Solve 30% of numericals from each chapter
Phase 2 45 days Numerical Mastery • Focus on high-numerical chapters (Ch 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 13)
• Solve ALL NCERT examples and exercises
• Practice time-bound numerical solving
Phase 3 30 days Integration & Revision • Chapter linking (Ch 2 with Ch 8, Ch 6 with Ch 7)
• Solve previous 5 years papers
• Take mock tests with exact time limits
Phase 4 15 days Final Touch • Only NCERT + Exemplar revision
• Daily formula revision
• Diagram practice for all experiments
Chapter Study Hours Primary Focus Strategy
Ch 3 + Ch 7 40 hours Circuit Mastery Maximum numerical practice
Ch 2 + Ch 13 30 hours Numerical Intensive Problem-solving focus
Ch 4 + Ch 9 25 hours Mixed Balance concepts & numericals
Ch 1 + 6 + 10 + 11 35 hours Balanced Complete coverage
Ch 5 + 8 + 12 + 14 30 hours Conceptual Mastery Theory & definitions
Revision + Papers 20 hours Integration Full syllabus integration
🏆 MOST REPEATED QUESTIONS (2015-2024)

1. Kirchhoff's law application (Ch 3) - Appeared 9 out of 10 years

2. Capacitor combination (Ch 2) - Appeared 8 out of 10 years

3. Photoelectric effect graphs (Ch 11) - Appeared 7 out of 10 years

4. Logic gate circuits (Ch 14) - Appeared 6 out of 10 years

5. Nuclear binding energy (Ch 13) - Appeared 5 out of 10 years

🎯 FINAL VERDICT

If you master the numericals from Ch 2, 3, 7, 13 and concepts from Ch 5, 8, 11, 14, you've covered 70% of the paper. The remaining 30% comes from balanced preparation of other chapters.

Best of luck! Focus on understanding patterns rather than memorizing problems.